April 6
The first slave revolt in the U.S. occurs at a slave market in New York City’s Wall Street area. Twenty-one blacks were executed for killing nine whites. The city responded by strengthening its slave codes. – 1712.
The Olympic Games, a long-lost tradition of ancient Greece, are reborn in Athens 1,500 years after being banned by Roman Emperor Theodosius I. At the opening of the Athens Games, King Georgios I of Greece and a crowd of 60,000 spectators welcomed athletes from 13 nations to the international competition. – 1896.
Two days after the U.S. Senate voted 82 to 6 to declare war against Germany, the U.S. House of Representatives endorses the declaration by a vote of 373 to 50, and U.S. formally enters World War I. When World War I erupted in 1914, president Woodrow Wilson pledged neutrality for the United States, a position that the vast majority of U.S. citizens favored. When Germany declared unrestricted warfare in war-zone waters it destroyed several civilian ships with U.S. citizens aboard. With that the U.S. took action. When the war finally ended, November 11, 1918, more than two million U.S. soldiers had served on the battlefields of Western Europe, and some 50,000 of them had lost their lives. – 1917.
April 7
Rwandan armed forces kill 10 Belgian peacekeeping officers in a successful effort to discourage international intervention in the genocide that had begun only hours earlier. In approximately three months, the Hutu extremists who controlled Rwanda brutally murdered an estimated 500,000 to one million innocent civilian Tutsis and moderate Hutus in the worst episode of ethnic genocide since World War II. – 1994.
April 8
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) is approved by the U.S. Congress. President Franklin Roosevelt proposed the WPA during the Great Depression of the 1930s when 25% of Americans were unemployed. It created low-paying federal jobs providing immediate relief and put 8.5 million jobless to work on projects ranging from construction of bridges, highways, and public buildings to arts programs such as Federal Writers’ Project. – 1935.
President Harry S Truman orders the U.S. Army to seize the Nation’s steel mills to avert a strike. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled the act illegal three weeks later. – 1952.
In Major League Baseball, Hank Aaron of the Atlanta Braves hits his 715th career home run and breaks Babe Ruth’s legendary record of 714 homers. However, because Aaron was an African American who had received death threats and racist hate mail during his pursuit of one of baseball’s most distinguished records, the achievement was bittersweet. – 1974.
April 9
At Appomattox, Va., Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders his 28,000 troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the American Civil War. Forced to abandon the Confederate capital of Richmond, Va., blocked from joining the surviving Confederate force in North Carolina, and harassed constantly by Union cavalry, Lee had no other option. – 1865.
April 10
U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt establishes the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), an innovative federally-funded organization that put thousands of Americans to work during the Great Depression on projects with environmental benefits. – 1933.
The USS Thresher, an atomic submarine, sinks in the Atlantic Ocean and kills the entire crew. One hundred and twenty-nine sailors and civilians died when the sub unexpectedly plunged to the sea floor 300 miles off the coast of New England. – 1963.
April 11
Napoleon Bonaparte, emperor of France and one of the greatest military leaders in history, abdicates the throne, and, in the Treaty of Fontainebleau, is banished to the Mediterranean island of Elba. – 1814.
April 12
The bloodiest four years in American history begin when Confederate shore batteries, under General P.G.T. Beauregard, open fire on Union-held Fort Sumter in South Carolina’s Charleston Bay. Two days later, U.S. president Abraham Lincoln issued a proclamation calling for 75,000 volunteer soldiers to quell the Southern insurrection. – 1861.
Aboard the spacecraft Vostok 1, Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin, becomes the first human being to travel into space. – 1961.
The space shuttle Columbia is launched from Cape Canaveral, Fla., to become the first reusable manned spacecraft to travel into space. – 1981.